Euryale ferox

Euryale ferox is the only species in the genus Euryale. It is a flowering plant classified in the water lily family, Nymphaeaceae, although it is occasionally regarded as a distinct family Euryalaceae. Unlike other water lilies, the pollen grains of ''Euryale'' have three .

''Euryale'' is an annual plant native to eastern Asia, and is found from India to Korea and Japan, as well as parts of eastern Russia. It grows in water, producing bright purple flowers. The are large and round, often more than a meter across, with a a leaf stalk attached in the center of the lower surface. The underside of the leaf is purplish, while the upper surface is green. The leaves have a quilted texture, although the stems, flowers, and leaves which float on the surface are covered in sharp prickles. Other leaves are submerged.

Use

The plant produces starchy white seeds, and the seeds are edible. The plant is cultivated for its seeds More than 96,000 hectares of Bihar, India, were set aside for cultivation of ''Euryale'' in 1990-1991. The plant does best in locations with hot, dry summers and cold winters. Seeds are collected in the late summer and early autumn, and may be eaten raw or cooked. In , the plant is called ''qiàn shí'' . Its edible seeds are used in traditional Chinese medicine, where they are often cooked in soups along with other ingredients, and believed to strengthen male potency and retard aging. In India, particularly in the northern and western parts of the country, ''Euryale ferox'' seeds are often roasted or fried, which causes them to pop like popcorn. These are then eaten, often with a sprinkling of oil and spices.

The name ''Euryale'' comes from the mythical Greek Gorgon by the same name. The Soviet Union issued a postage stamp featuring this species.